The OfficeConnect Remote 812 can be configured as a router to forward packets between the local LAN interface and one or more Remote Sites.
The router maintains a forwarding table. This table specifies which interface to route an IP packet based on the destination IP address. Entries in the forwarding table are either static or dynamic. Static entries are based on the LAN's and Remote Site's subnet addresses and user configured static routes. Dynamic entries are added when RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is enabled and routes are learned from neighboring routers.
The OfficeConnect Remote 812 does not support OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol.
To configure IP routing, IP must be defined on both the LAN interface and one or more remote sites. On the LAN, an IP network must exist and it must have a specified IP address and subnet mask. On the remote sites, IP routing needs to be enabled, and the remote router address, a remote subnet mask and local WAN interface address need to be configured. The remote site address configuration can be learned dynamically when the remote site connection is established if the network service is PPP, otherwise it has to be specified.
Enabling IP Routing
When the OfficeConnect Remote 812 is to be used for forwarding IP packets, IP Routing must be enabled.
Access the IP Routing checkbox from the Configuration page. This screen contains the following fields:
Check the Enable IP Routing box and press the Submit button to enable routing of IP packets between the LAN and Remote Sites. Be sure to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save any changes you make.
Configuring IP for the LAN
To configure IP over the LAN, assign an IP network to the LAN port by providing a name and a network address. After adding a network, you can modify its RIP setting as well as its address information.
If you ran the browser based OfficeConnect Remote 812 Manager or booted the unit in DHCP Smart Mode, an IP network has already been added over the LAN port. Its name is IP and its address is either entered from the Manager IP address prompt or it is .254. You can view or modify configuration parameters for this network (e.g., Enable RIP).
If you delete the address, you will also lose the browser connection. You will not be able to reconnect until a new address is assigned using either the Manager IP address prompt, CLI or by rebooting in DHCP Smart Mode.
For routing to take place across the OfficeConnect Remote 812, you also have to set up a corresponding network over the WAN port (see Configuring IP for the Remote Site Connection).
Use the Configuration > Local Site (LAN) > IP Local Address(es) screen to define or modify all IP networks over the LAN. All IP networks defined over the LAN only support Ethernet II framing.
Be sure to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save any changes you make.
Adding a Local IP Network
You may add multiple IP networks over the Ethernet interface by following these steps:
1 Select Configuration > Local Site (LAN) > IP Local Address(es).
2 Click Add. This brings up a screen containing the following fields:
3 Enter the following information:
Name-- The name is limited to 32 characters. If there are any blank spaces, surround the whole phrase with double quotes (e.g., "LAN IP 1").
LANAddress-- Enter the address of the IP network in this format: ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd where ddd is a value between 1--255.
LANMask-- Enter the mask of the IP network in this format: ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd where ddd is a value between 0--255.
By default, RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is not enabled for this new IP network. If you wish to enable RIP, proceed to the Modify portion of the following section.
4 Click Add when you have entered these fields or Reset to clear the fields. Be sure to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save any changes you make.
Modifying or Deleting an IP Network
To modify information pertaining to an existing IP network, or to delete that information from your configuration, follow these steps:
1 Proceed to the IP screen, following steps from the previous section on adding a network.
2 Select the IP network you wish to modify or delete.
3 Click Modify/Delete. This brings up the IP Modify/Delete screen containing the following fields:
4 Modify or delete the information about the selected IP network:
LANAddress- Enter the address of the IP network in this format: ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd where ddd is a value between 1--255.
LANMask- Enter the mask of the IP network in this format: ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd where ddd is a value between 0--255.
RIP Version - Select the RIP version. For addition information on RIP see Configuring IP RIP
5 Click the Modify/Delete button as needed. If you need to return to the original parameters for this screen, click Reset before you click Modify.
If you alter the address that your browser is using, the connection will be lost. To reconnect, enter the new IP address in your browser's address/location field. If you delete the address, you will also lose the connection. You will not be able to reconnect until a new address is assigned using either the Manager's IP address prompt, CLI, or by resetting the unit to DHCP Smart Mode.
Configuring IP for Remote Site Connections
To set up connections over the WAN, a remote site profile must be created and edited for each remote location you want to connect to. With this profile, you specify ATM virtual circuit information, protocols, and addresses that determine the method of connection and communication to that remote site.
You first need to add a remote site profile, then modify the profile to include WAN connection and network information. The following list summarizes the necessary information:
WAN - Network Service (PPP/RFC 1483) information, ATM VC information
IP - IP addresses, address translation tables, static routes, RIP usage
Bridging - Enable or disable bridging to the remote site
If you need to connect to multiple remote sites (i.e., the Internet and a remote office) you should set up a remote site profile for each location.
For any routing to take place across the OfficeConnect Remote 812, you also have to set up a corresponding network over the LAN. See the section on Configuring IP for the LAN earlier in this chapter for details.
Configuring IP Parameters for the Remote Site
These instructions assume you have already added a remote site profile. If you need to add a remote site profile, select Add instead of Modify in step 1. (For detailed instructions on adding a profile, see Add a Remote Site Profile.)
1 Access the Remote Site IP screen by going to the OfficeConnect Remote 812 home page. Select Configuration > Remote Sites (WAN), and click Modify. This will access the Remote Sites General screen which contains these fields:
2 Check the Enable IP Routing box. (Enable Bridging and Enable IPX Routing may or may not be checked.)
3 Then Click Next to advance to the IP screen.
This screen displays slightly different information depending on your encapsulation type (PPP - shown below - or RFC-1483).
For specific information on configuring these parameters see:
The Address Translation information is located on the Remote Site IP screen. Follow the instructions above for accessing the screen. Change the parameters described below as needed. Then click the Modify button. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
NAT - Network Address Translation allows you to use private IP addressing on your LAN while accessing a public (Internet or remote office) network at the remote site. See the Network Address Translation Tutorial for a complete explanation. When you enable NAT by checking the NAT checkbox, additional NAT parameters appear on the screen:
Default Workstation - When NAT is enabled you can specify a workstation on the LAN that will receive all unresolved incoming traffic from the remote site. This field should be set to the private address of a workstation on the local LAN. If a data packet is received from the remote site and a port mapping does not exist, the frame will be translated using this NAT default address.
Static TCP Ports - Press the TCP button to access the table of static TCP port translations. See Configuring Static NAT Port Entries for details.
Static UDP Ports - Press the UDP button to access the table of static UDP port translations. See Configuring Static NAT Port Entries for details.
Configuring Default Gateway on a Remote Site
The Default Gateway checkbox is located on the Remote Site IP screen. Follow the instructions above for accessing the screen. Change the parameter described below as needed. Then click the Modify button. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
Use this connection as default gateway - check this box if you want packets whose destination addresses are not in the routing table to be forwarded to this remote site.
Only one remote site can be the default gateway at a time. To enable it on this remote site, you may have to disable on another site first.
Configuring RIP on a Remote Site
For instructions on setting up Remote Site static routes, see Configuring IP RIP.
The IP WAN Address information is located on the Remote Site IP screen. Follow the instructions above for accessing the screen. Change the parameters described below as needed. Then click the Modify button. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
These parameters change based on your encapsulation type and whether NAT is enabled. If you are using PPP encapsulation, you will not see these parameters at all. In other cases you will see some or all of these choices. If you do not see the choices you expect, review your encapsulation and NAT settings to be sure they are correct, then contact your ISP or remote site administrator for further information.
Interface Address - If you were given an IP address by your ISP or remote site administrator, select Numbered (if you have a choice) and enter the address. Otherwise, select Unnumbered and there will be no IP address assigned to the local WAN interface for this remote site.
Remote Gateway Address - Enter the address of the remote router (given to you by the ISP or the remote site administrator.)
Network Mask - Enter the network mask of the remote router (given to you by the ISP or the remote site administrator.)
Configuring Source Address Validation
The Source Address Validation checkbox is located on the Remote Site IP screen. Follow the instructions above for accessing the screen. Change the parameter described below as needed. Then click the Modify button. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
Use Source Address Validation - use this checkbox to enable or disable IP source address validation. When enabled, the source address of all IP frames received from a remote site will be validated. A source address is valid if the OfficeConnect Remote 812 will route an IP frame destined to the source address back to this remote site. This blocks packets from sneaking in from unknown networks.
Configuring IP RIP
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is utilized as a means of communicating routing information between routers. This is done to keep the routers updated on changes in adjacent networks. RIP can be enabled over the LAN and for each remote site to allow you to selectively broadcast or listen to routing information from other routers.
Enabling RIP on the LAN
The RIP options for the LAN can be accessed through Configuration > Local Site > IP Local Address(Es).
1 Select the IP network you wish to modify or delete.
2 Click Modify/Delete. This brings up the IP Modify/Delete screen containing the following fields:
3 You can then select the RIP version to be either None, RIPV1, or RIPV2 and click Modify to make the change. If you need to return to the original parameters for this screen, click Reset before you click Modify. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
Setting up RIP on a Remote Site Connection
The RIP information is located on the Remote Site IP screen.
1 Select Configuration > Remote Sites (WAN). Select the remote site to modify, and click Modify.
2 Click Next to advance to the IP Modify screen. The RIP parameters are located in the Routing Information section.
RIP - set RIP to be None, Listen, Broadcast, or Broadcast & Listen. Broadcast refers to when routing information packets are sent out to the remote site network, and Listen refers to the OfficeConnect Remote 812 receiving routing information packets from remote sources.
RIP Version - choose between RIPV1 (version 1) or RIPV2 (version 2) for your routing information protocol.
If you are using address translation (NAT) with this remote site, you must set routing to either Listen or None. This is because you have set up a private network and therefore do not want to be broadcasting information to other routers.
3 Click Modify to make the change. If you need to return to the original parameters for this screen, click Reset before you click Modify. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
Configuring IP Static Routes
A Static route is a configured route that will remain in the routing table until deleted. Static routes differ from Dynamic routes in that Dynamic routes are learned real-time via RIP. Static routes can be defined for the LAN or can be associated with a remote site. A LAN static route is active when the LAN is connected, a remote site static route is active only when the connection to the associated remote site is active.
Only use static routes for networks not learned using RIP.
Adding a Static IP Route to the LAN
To add, modify, or delete an IP Static route to the LAN, follow these steps:
1 Select Configuration > Local Site (LAN) > IP Static Routes.
2 Click the Add button. This accesses a screen containing the following fields:
3 Define the Route by entering the following fields:
Destination - The destination IP network address to route to.
Netmask - The destination network netmask.
Gateway - The IP address of the adjacent router through which the destination network is reached.
Metric - The maximum number of routers (1-15) through which the data packets must travel before reaching the destination network.
4 Click Submit to add the route. To clear the fields, click Reset. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
5 To delete a route from your configuration, select the route and click Delete.
Adding a Static Route to a Remote Site
To add, modify, or delete a Static Route to a Remote Site, follow these steps:
1 Select Configuration > Remote Sites (WAN). Select the remote site to modify, and click Modify.
2 Click Next to advance to the IP Modify screen.
3 Click Static IP Routes in the Routes section.
4 Click Add to define the following parameters:
IP Route - The destination IP network address to route to.
Mask - The destination network netmask.
Metric - The maximum number of routers (1-15) through which the data packets must travel before reaching their destination.
5 After you have entered the fields, click Submit to add the route. Remember to click the Save Configuration button on the side bar menu to permanently save your changes.
6 Click the Details button to view the fields, and the Delete button to delete the route.
Monitoring IP
The OfficeConnect Remote 812's IP Routing Table is displayed by accessing the following page: Monitor > Routes and Services > IP Routes.
Global IP counters can be displayed through Monitor > Networks > IP > IP Counters. This screen indicates the number of frames received and forwarded or discarded.
The active IP interfaces are shown by accessing the following page: Monitor > Networks > Network Status.
When a Remote Site has been successfully established and IP is configured, an entry will be displayed with the Remote Site Name followed by a '-ip' suffix. The screen display indicates the local LAN (with name ip) and the Remote Site 'Internet' have active IP interfaces.
IP Testing (PING)
You can now run a PING to make sure the OfficeConnect Remote 812 can reach the remote router. You can run the PING by using the OfficeConnect Remote 812 Manager, from MS-DOS on a workstation, or through the Internet.
Testing using the OfficeConnect Remote 812 Manager will test the connection from the OfficeConnect Remote 812 to the network.
The DOS PING will check the connection from your PC through the OfficeConnect Remote 812 ADSL Router to the network.
Option 1: OfficeConnect Remote 812 Manager Ping to ISP or Remote Site Network
Open the OfficeConnect Remote 812 Manager and select Tools > Ping. Enter the address you wish to ping, whether it is the ISP or a remote office. Click Submit.
A Ping Response screen will appear, with the response from the ping. The following responses may occur.
Ping Responses
is alive
The PING was successful.
If a name was entered in the Ping page input field, the corresponding IP address is displayed on the Response page.
PING: no route to host
A valid IP address or name was entered but the routing table does not indicate how to reach the network that the IP address belongs to.
PING: host unreachable
This means that an ICMP response was received in response to the PING, indicating that the PING failed because the IP address is currently unreachable. This is indicative of a network problem. If the router could not determine where to send the PING request, the PING: no route to host error would have been generated. Since it was not, the router sent the message either to the specific network to which the IP address belongs or to a default gateway. If it was sent to the specific network and the network was learned via RIP, there is probably a temporary network problem. If the network is a static entry in the routing table (entered by the user, for example), it may have been entered incorrectly. If the network is not in the routing table and the PING request went to a default gateway, then it may be that the network is not supposed to be reachable so this is a reasonable result.
PING: timeout waiting for reply from .
The host network is probably reachable but there is no answer from this IP Address. There are a couple of possible explanations for this. The IP Address might not be assigned to any unit. The path from the OfficeConnect Remote 812 to the unit is so slow that the PING response did not get back in the allotted time frame. There may be a temporary break in the path.
DNS Errors
Network Name: could not be resolved.
Network Name: could not be resolved due to a problem interacting with the Name Server.
The name could not be resolved. Either no DNS server was located or the server(s) did not have the name in the host table list. However, this error will also appear if the user entered an IP address incorrectly - such as .256 (an invalid IP address) so it is interpreted as a name to be resolved by DNS.
Network Name: could not be resolved due to a timeout on the request.
No response was received from the DNS server to which the DNS request was sent. This could be due to a network connection problem or a very slow line.
Option 2: DOS Ping to ISP or Remote Site Network
From the a workstation on the local LAN, get to an MS-DOS prompt and type ping where the remote IP address is the address of a host on the remote network (Ex: ping 10.0.0.12). If no address was provided, contact the ISP or the remote site administrator for an IP address to ping.
The OfficeConnect Remote 812 will call the ISP and send the PING information. A reply from 10.0.0.12 indicates success
Reply from 10.0.0.12 bytes=32 time=140ms TTL=240
Reply from 10.0.0.12 bytes=32 time=147ms TTL=240
Reply from 10.0.0.12 bytes=32 time=140ms TTL=240
Reply from 10.0.0.12 bytes=32 time=135ms TTL=240
C:\_
It is not unusual for the first few attempts to timeout. If you don't receive a response the first time, try PINGing the router again. If you still don't receive a response, the most likely cause is incorrect routing entries.
Option 3: Internet Browser (Internet Access Only)
If you are connecting to the Internet, start a web browser and enter an address, such as http://www.3com.com. If the 3com web site home page comes up, all is configured correctly and you are on your way!
Advanced Troubleshooting
If the 3Com web site home page does not appear, the problem may be incorrect DNS server addresses on your workstation.
For more detailed troubleshooting information, refer to Troubleshooting in this Guide.
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The OfficeConnect Remote 812 does not support OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol.
If you delete the address, you will also lose the browser connection. You will not be able to reconnect until a new address is assigned using either the Manager IP address prompt, CLI or by rebooting in DHCP Smart Mode.
